7 tips for choosing a kitchen: material, color, size

Finally, the long-awaited repair in the kitchen is over, and it's time to think, which same kitchen set to choose. Given the features of this room, it is very important to choose the right materials for of furniture, which will not only have an aesthetic appearance, but can also boast of strength and durability. In this article, we will consider in detail all the options that furniture salons and decide from the choice colors and necessary size.

1. Materials used for the manufacture of the frame

Frame he is a corps, the foundation throughout designs which is responsible for strength and permissible loads. That is why, first of all, you should not worry about the issue of external attractiveness, but the question "what is it made of?". Modern manufacturers offer 5 of possible options:

• Chipboard - glued chipboard, this is the most affordable option. This ends the benefits. Such plates have a very low density structure, which over time leads to destruction, especially at the joints. To slightly extend the service life, their surface is laminated. Most the main them disadvantage is the use of synthetic resins for joining chips together, which when heated emit harmful substances - formaldehydes. Particleboard does not tolerate humidity and temperature differences, which are inevitable in the kitchen. Such frames are used as a temporary option or not for frequent use, for example, on country house.
• Fiberboard - fiber boards made by hot pressing with a very fine structure. They are divided into soft and hard. The latter, in turn, may have a different surface coating and have increased water resistance. Solid fiberboard is much denser than chipboard, and is able to withstand decent loads. On such a basis you can even install artificial stone countertops. Synthetic resins in the composition do not exceed 4-8%.
• MDF - medium density fiberboard. This material is obtained by gluing wood chips with the substance that it contains. When exposed to high temperatures and pressure, it melts and fills the voids between the fibers. Thus it turns out environmentally friendly stove which does not contain any resins or synthetic glue. This is the most the best option which is much cheaper than natural wood, does not pose a threat to health and is quite durable. To achieve a high level of water resistance, MDF is impregnated with special materials that simultaneously strengthen it. Therefore his sustainability to shape changes and curvature even exceeds the performance of some species of wood. Another advantage is the ability to give the plates curved shapes that will help create an unusual design for the entire headset.
• Solid wood - It is used for the manufacture of expensive kitchen sets and has the highest cost. This frame is very durable thanks to impregnation special components resistant to moisture, withstands heavy loads and is safe for good health. For its manufacture, hard rocks are selected that are difficult to process, and therefore not subject to deformation. Oak or pine base will serve you for many years. Not recommended use beech, which due to its hygroscopicity is susceptible to the harmful effects of moisture.
• Multiplex (glued beam) - a modern artificial material, the structure of which is thin strips of wood of various species glued together in different directions. Due to this, very high strength which is not inferior to the previous option. It is not affected by moisture, temperature changes and deformations. In cost, this material takes second place after natural wood.

Conclusion: to get the best option for a reasonable cost, it is better to give preference to the frame from MDF. If the financial situation allows you to not really think about the costs associated with the manufacture of furniture, then pay attention to the last two options.

2. Types of facades

After choosing the most critical part of the whole structure, it is necessary to determine its “face”. Facades alsomust be not only beautiful, but also strong, steady to the effects of chemicals and mechanical stresses. In addition, they should be easy to care for and not lose their attractiveness when exposed to sunlight. Select facade material often more difficult than a wireframe. Especially considering the variety that modern manufacturers offer. Basis they are cut out of chipboard or MDF for them, and then various decorative coating which determines the final cost and durability.

Laminated facades

This is the most available cost option. The manufacturing technology consists in applying a special film to the surface of the plates, which is impregnated with resins to ensure adhesion and finally varnished. This process is called "Lamination". TO positive the parties to the use of such material include:

• Low price;
• Diversity shapes and colors;
• Possibility of manufacturing a textured surface;
• For quite some time on such a surface no scratches are formed;
• Sustainability in aggressive household chemicals, which simplifies the process of caring for them.

disadvantages pretty significant:

• With regular exposure to moisture or high temperatures, this is especially true for cabinets located next to washing or oven film can peel off. It is impossible to stick it back unnoticed.
• Not very attractive appearance, characterized by a characteristic shine;
• With time the surface is dimming and loses its appeal. This is especially noticeable on bright colored facades.
• The back side, most often, remains white, which eventually acquires a yellow or grayish tint. Besides that complicates care and obliges to regularly wash the entire headset and from the inside. Traces of dirty or greasy touches are practically inevitable.

Painted MDF facades

Otherwise they are called enameled. The technology for their manufacture is very simple and similar to applying a paintwork to a car. First, the surface of wood-fiber panels is primed, and then covered with several layers of paint.It is from their quantity that the cost and stability in various external influences depend. Before applying each subsequent coat, the previous one is sanded to ensure a perfectly smooth and even surface. Such facades have several advantages:

• Just unimaginable variety of colors which will allow you to combine and combine a variety of shades. This will create a truly unique look;
• Texture surfaces can also be different in degree of gloss - glossy, matte, pearl, pearl or metallic;
• Due to the properties of the base and application technology, it is possible to manufacture facades of wavy and curved shapes;
• For a long time original will remain attractive exterior view;
• Resilient to moisture;
• Do not absorb unpleasant odors;
• Care highly is simple and requires only wiping with a soft cloth with a non-aggressive detergent.

TO disadvantages relate:

• Cost which lies in the range of "above average";
• Fingerprints that will remain at any touch will force to wipe the surface again and again. Otherwise, the headset will look very untidy;
• Too bright and saturated colors with time, thoughburn out. But not as fast as in the first version;
• Not resistant to mechanical stress. If accidentally hit, it may split off plot coverings or a crack is formed;
• White inside as in the first case.

MDF facades covered with PVC film

The manufacturing technology consists in applying to MDF the basis of a special adhesive composition, on which a polyvinyl chloride film is laid and laminated in a special press. From glue quality and longevity depends final product. This is one of the easiest and most affordable options, which has a number of disadvantages:

• Such headsets look highly simply and a little old-fashioned, but an unsuccessfully selected pattern will instantly cheapen the product;
• Even the textured surface, which is designed to imitate natural wood, stone, leather and other materials, is very different from the original;
• Under the influence of high temperatures the film is lagging;
• Quickly burns out in the sun.

Benefits, however, there are also:

• Large selection of colors and textures;
• Low cost;
• The form manufacturing does not affect the final cost of the headset;
• Surface steady to aggressive influences;
• High level abrasion resistance with prolonged use;

Plastic facades

And to be more precise, MDF or chipboard base, covered with a layer of plastic, which is glued using special adhesives. For the manufacture of coatings using paper-laminated plastic, which is impregnated with special resins, folded in several layers and pressed under high pressure and high temperatures. Moreover, a facade with a base of MDF boards will be more expensive. Don't let yourself be fooled sellers who claim that this is a 100% plastic headset. This simply does not exist, because in itself this material would not withstand constant temperature changes. Cost depends on edge processing technology, of which there are only three:

• Most available option - when the ends are simply pasted over with an acrylic edge or PVC film to match the color of the facade, or, conversely, a distinctive color to give contrast. Disadvantage of this method is that over time the film peels off. In the case of a plastic edge, a small gap will be visible between the end face and the face of the panel, which will become more noticeable over time due to the accumulated dirt in it.
• Postforming - the most common way. The sheet of plastic, which is located on the front, is folded into two edges, and the other two are already glued with PVC film or plastic edge separately.In this case, the edging will be less noticeable, and there are half as few places for collecting pollution.
• Aluminum frame, which frames the ends of the facade, is becoming increasingly popular. Undoubtedly, such a coating will reliably protect the surface from dirt and moisture. Disadvantages such a method is the price, which is much higher than the two previous methods. In addition, scratches will appear on aluminum over time, as this is a very soft metal.

Now consider advantage themselves facades plastic coated:

• Their surface steady to moisture mechanical stress and aggressive means;
• They do not fade under the influence of ultraviolet radiation;
• It is possible to manufacture facades not only in straight shapes;
• Big the choice colors;
• Even after a long time, an attractive appearance will remain.

Not without disadvantages:

• On a glossy surface, distinctly fingerprints are visible;
• If the facade is made by cold pressing, then bumps and geometric distortion;
• If you chose matte plastic, then be prepared for the fact that it is very difficult to clean;
• The back of the facades will be white.

MDF frame facades

They are very popular due to the large variety of options execution. In the framework made of MDF boards, another material of your choice is inserted - glass, rattan mats, plastic, multi-colored mosaic, mirrors and many other options. This allows you to make the design very original and attractive, but at the same time, stay in the middle price category. The frame itself is covered with PVC film, or veneer. The latter option is more expensive, because veneer - This is a slice of natural wood of a very small thickness. But he is more practical and durable. Such facades have many advantages:

• They have a small weight, compared to the rest. Due to this, all connections, especially loopback ones, experience less stress, which means that their service life will be much longer. Plus, you can fit in the cabinets more necessary items;
• Diversity materials for decoration and the color palette of the film or veneer itself allow you to create expressive headsets that fit any style;
• The manufacture of non-standard elements does not affect their final cost;
• Price policy remains available.

However and limitations pretty significant:

• Coating has low stability to moisture;
• Such facades wear out quickly;
• Under the influence of temperature differences, the frame coating may peel off;
• Care will be difficult due to the presence of joints of two materials and possible bends;
• If the fastenings of the frames are weak, then the decorative inserts can become loose from time to time.

Facades made of aluminum

it great option to create a kitchen set in hi-tech style or minimalism. It looks like a design is very stylish, concise and modern. For fans of simple, but sophisticated things - this is it. A framework is assembled from aluminum profiles, into which any material of your choice is then inserted, as in the previous version. Consider pros such modern technology:

• By using metal as a base, life time, of course, increasing;
• The metal compounds are pretty strong;
• Opportunity combine Various filling options do not limit your imagination. You have the opportunity to even use your favorite photos;
• Increased stability moisture and mechanical stress;
• Resistance to temperature extremes;
• End faces facades reliably reserved and at the same time have an aesthetic appearance;
• If you chose glass as the filling of the frames, then the weight of the structure will be minimal, and the headset will be light and airy;
• Production of non-standard forms does not entail an increase in price.

Minuses such an option:

• You'll have to to spend money a special mounting system, which involves a similar design;
• Aluminum is afraid of abrasive and aggressive detergents;
• With time the metal is getting dark and loses its attractive luster;
• High cost.

Facades from a natural tree

This is the most expensive option which looks very solid and solid. Wooden headsets fill the room with a sense of coziness and comfort. there is two ways of execution wooden facades - solid and paneled. The second option is more budgetary and allows you to combine different materials. You can insert glass, MDF, rattan elements and many others into a wooden frame. If a veneered panel is used, it is very difficult to distinguish it from a completely wooden structure. Her main advantage it will be that such facades do not deform over time. Advantages such facades:

• Environmental friendliness;
• Durability;
• Solid appearance and aesthetic qualities;
• Relevance. Indeed, despite the multitude of modern materials, it is wooden furniture that is valued above all, and to this day does not go out of fashion;
• The possibility of decorating facades - with artistic carvings, cornices and various inserts.

Now about disadvantages:

• High cost;
• Laborious and difficult care;
• Facades from an array with time burn out;
• Over the years, resistance to moisture decreases;
• Soak up unpleasant smells
• The lineup is quite standard and does not differ in particular variety;
• On the small kitchens such a headset looks like too cumbersome.

As you can see, unfortunately, none of the options is not without flaws. When deciding which kitchen suite to choose, It is worth starting from an acceptable budget and a practical point of view. Of course, wood is the most durable and durable option, but also the most expensive. Carefully analyze the disadvantages of each option and think about which ones you can put up with, and which ones are not for you critical shortcomings. For example, fingerprints and the white back side of facades from the same MDF will not cause negative emotions over time. But they are very practical and resistant to external factors. But the coverage for them is already selected depending on the means. If you do not plan to make a headset “for centuries”, and you are used to often changing the interior, following the last word of modern design, then you can carefully consider the option and frame facades. For temporary kitchen or a small work area, for example, in the country, you can even give preference to the most budget option.

3. What are the countertops

The work surface is the part of the headset that is most often subject to various mechanical and aggressive impacts. Therefore choosing countertop material, it is necessary to be guided, first of all, by practical, and only then, aesthetic requirements. A number of requirements to her is very large:

• Sustainability moisture and household cleaners;
• Resists scratching and chipping;
• Do not absorb odors, grease, condensate;
• To be easy in care. To do this, choose a canvas with the least number of joints;
• Maintain contact with hot utensils;
• To be harmonious addition and as a whole according to the design plan with the whole headset.

To every consumer found my ideal option in different price categories, consider all possible options in more detail.

Laminated chipboard worktop

This is the most available cost option and far from the worst. Cost running meter starts from 1000 rubles. As the base, a chipboard is used, on which several layers of plastic are applied. This method is called postforming.Particleboard is protected by a thin sheet of paper-based plastic on all sides, and then secured with a special temperature sequence. The final laminated layer has a thickness of 0.4 - 0.8 mm and is very durable. On top of it is applied the last, decorative layer, which will be the “face” of the countertop, covered with special acrylic resins and baked at high temperatures. It does laminated particleboard:

• Sustainable to bumps, scratches, high temperatures and chemicals.
• Care highly is simple thanks to a smooth surface which does not absorb pollution.
• The choice of colors and textures is very extensive. The countertop can be either matte or glossy, mirrored, rough or smooth.
• The lower part is protected kraft paper, and the joints - with rubber or plastic plugs.
• The side parts are covered with a decorative edge, which gives the final product a neat appearance.
• Mounting household appliances and cutting various holes won't make no labor.

The maindisadvantage there is a low moisture resistance and swelling of the ends at the joints, and you can not do without seams during installation. But this happens only with poor installation. Experts recommend additionally handling poorly protected areas silicone sealantthat significantly extend the service life because the repair will be difficult.

Steel worktop

Metal has always symbolized reliability and durability. And this case was no exception. As a basis, a high-quality chipboard sheet is used, on which stainless steel sheet with a thickness of up to 8 mm is attached using liquid nails. The edges are bent underneath, brewed and carefully sanded. Lower part protect with plastic. This option perfectly complements the high-tech kitchen. TO the benefits relate:

• Hygiene
• Strength and durability;
• Price quite affordable - from 1300 rubles / running meter;
• Heat resistance and moisture resistance;
• Easy to care.

Disadvantages are:

• The form their mostly straightforward. If you need to make an angular model, this will require welding and grinding the weld, which is a very time-consuming process. But with proper performance on the matte surface, the joint is almost invisible, and on the glossy one it looks very neat and does not spoil the appearance;
• A small number of decor options - stains, circles, the same type of ornament or glossy mirror surface;
• With time metal fades;
• Inevitably the appearance of scratches. However, when re-grinding it is very easy to restore the original appearance of the product;
• On a polished stainless steel fingerprints are noticeable fingers.

Natural wood worktop

Most suitable breeds wood for the manufacture of countertops is pine, alder, oak, larch, birch. Cost meter of the product starts from 2000 rubles. The canvas is a shield glued from typesetting wooden planks. This allows you to get a very durable and beautiful surface. Its edges lend themselves to thorough milling to obtain a rectilinear shape. Then the whole surface impregnated special oil which not only protects the countertops from moisture, but also gives a pleasant shine. The durability of the product depends on the quality of the oil and the number of layers applied. If you are not financially limited, then a model can be made from exotic breeds tree. For a headset whose facades are made of wood or veneered, this will be an ideal option. Benefits wooden models:

• Appearance appeal;
• Strength;
• The possibility of manufacturing exclusive options;
• With proper impregnation level moisture resistance will be high enough;
• If hard rocks were used, its surface will be resistant to mechanical stress.

Now about disadvantages:

• High cost;
• The need for regular, very gentle and gentle care;
• Does not love contact from hot dishes, after which matte marks may remain;
• To restore shine is very difficult, not having the skills of a grinder on wood;
• Allowed only floating installation method and embedding household appliances, otherwise cracking is inevitable.

Glass countertop

This view is gaining more and more fans among ordinary consumers and among designers. It is made from red hot factory glass high strength. Her edges are ground and dull with small chamfers, which eliminates the possibility of injury. Price policy it is roughly equated with models of wood. The benefits she has a lot:

• Increased strength;
• Heat resistance and moisture resistance;
• Resistance to mechanical stress;
• An opportunity to make the most various models in a form;
• Design can be anything. Starting from the usual pattern and ending with photo printing. You can add multi-colored stains or various splashes;
• They look very elegant and airy.

TO disadvantages can include:

• When using abrasive cleaners, over time, shine will be lost and surface smoothness.
• Cost quite tangible.

Countertop made of decorative tiles or mosaics

This is the most creative option that is easy. can do it yourself. To do this, you need a base in the form of a chipboard sheet and a small tile or mosaic. You can invent a drawing yourself or find a suitable option on the Internet. You can also seek help from specialists. Be sure to foresee all the holes for the sink, household appliances and other items in advance. pros such a canvas:

• Unique appearance;
• Strength.

Disadvantages much bigger:

• Due to the fact that the joints of the tiles will be processed grouting, which will wipe out over time, you need to regularly recovery;
• Very thorough and accurate care;
• You should use stands for too hot or cold dishes;
• Abrasive and too aggressive chemicals will ruin the glossy finish.

Artificial stone countertops

This look combines aesthetic appeal with high strength and wear resistance. For their manufacture, a special stone composite is used, which 70-80% consists of crumbs of natural stone. The remaining 30% is pigment and a binder in the form of acrylic resin. The mixture is poured into special molds, pressed, and then sintered at high temperatures. Fake diamond possesses several advantages before natural:

• The surface has no pores and is absolutely smooth. Therefore she does not absorb odors and does not collect pollution, which greatly simplifies maintenance. It is enough to periodically wipe it with a warm soapy solution and wipe dry with a soft cloth;
• Security for good health;
• Not subject to aggressive external influences;
• Its cost is much lower than natural stone;
• He is not afraid of blows, and in which case he is easily restored;
• Small weight;
• Pleasant, warm to the touch surface;
• Due to the properties of the material, the plates are easily glued together, and the joints after grinding become completely invisible;
• A variety of colors and textures that mimic a large number of natural materials;
• Possibility of manufacturing rounded shapes.

Disadvantages just two:

• Main - This is a high cost, which depends on the thickness of the sheet. It starts from 8000-9000 rubles per square meter.
• Do not put hot objects on it. An opaque spot may form at the point of contact.

Countertops made of natural stone

None of the above materials can be compared in terms of indicators strength and longevity with natural stone. But be prepared for the fact that you have to pay dearly for such benefits.For its manufacture, stone slabs with a thickness of 2-3 cm are used, which are ground to obtain straight shapes. Then they can be polished, where they get their unique sheen and a smooth mirror surface. The edges are additionally rounded, all holes are cut out in advance at the factory and processed in the same way. All this is very labour intensive and a complex process that affects the cost of the finished product. Benefits such models are obvious:

• Strength and reliability;
• Durability;
• Unique appearance;
• Hygiene
• Ease of care;
• Heat resistance and moisture resistance;
• Resistance to shock and chemical agents;
• Not subject to staining and wear;
• If necessary easy to grind to resume the original look.

Consider and limitations:

• Very high price. Countertops made of natural stone have a cost of 10,000 rubles per linear meter;
• Some rocks have a porous surface, which leads to rapid pollution;
• Big weight, which only a reliable frame can hold;
• Cold surface.

Conclusion: Good quality at a reasonable cost will provide a tabletop made of laminated particleboard or MDF, which requires only proper installation. More practical and durable Of course, there will be a model made of artificial stone. And if you can afford more expensive options, then keep in mind that a natural stone countertop in combination with, for example, facades made of chipboard and PVC film will look at least strange. This technique will not save the general view, everything should be harmonious. And most importantly, thickness standard countertops lies in the range of 28-42 mm. If you are using a hob rather than a regular stove, carefully read the instructions for installing it before choosing a countertop. Many manufacturers indicate recommended thickness which can withstand both the technique itself and the dishes on it. Do not neglect this recommendation.

4. The choice of fittings

Another one an important component which should provide functionality and decent performance of all elements. Do not think that these small elements do not play a special role.

• Visible items, i.e. pens cabinets are selected depending on the style of the headset. They can be either the simplest rectilinear, or carved and rounded. Sometimes replacing these elements with more interesting ones can instantly transform your furniture. Concerning forms then the most convenient is the U-shaped. Recently, it has been very popular to make cabinets. without visible handles which open with a little pressure. It looks very aesthetically pleasing and very comfortable when there are small children in the house. But remember that right away will make the cost more high.
• Hinges and guides cabinets must have a mark that confirms their factory origin and have a smooth ride without jerking, if provided. More convenient is the hardware, which, when the door is released sharply, slows down its progress and becomes itself in the right position. This will help to avoid unwanted high-profile strokes.
• Hoists called gas lift much more convenient than spring counterparts. This product uses inert gas. Due to this, wear of rubber gaskets and gaskets in cylinders can be avoided. Life time involves about 100,000 cycles of raising and lowering. It is recommended to install two mechanisms on each door. For such reliability and durability it will be necessary to pay a decent price.

Don't be stingy to high-quality fittings, this will not only extend the life of your headset, but will also bring you aesthetic pleasure with its smooth movements.

5. How to choose the right size

Not only size but also equipment future headset is very is important. Naturally, everyone has their own needs: someone is used to cooking every day, and someone just makes himself coffee in the morning and prepares a light salad for dinner. All this is individual, but there is Three mandatory zones that should be:

• Cooking area;
• Washing area;
• Storage area.

In the ideal case, all three zones can be connected by an imaginary triangle, the distance between the peaks of which does not exceed 2.7 meters. Well if working surface represents a single line. Then items should be placed as follows - refrigerator, countertop, sink, countertop, stove. This is the most convenient option in terms of ergonomics. Wherein distances should not exceed 90-100 cm. In small kitchens, the requirements are more stringent, and you have to use L-shaped forms. To make it convenient for you to work, the edges should end with a zone for one operation. Try to make the most of every centimeter of space. Built-in appliances and work area flowing smoothly into windowsill, will help to significantly save space. Use the free wall around the window opening for tall pencil cases. Now let's talk about dimensions.

• If as kitchen apron used ceramic tile then distance from gender should be 0.8 meters and the top row should not exceed 1.6 meters.
• Standard countertop height 85-90 cm. This is the most convenient option for people with a height of 160-170 cm. Do not forget that this is taking into account the thickness of the countertops.
• Floor stands must be located on basement which will hide their legs. Its standard height is 10-15 cm.
• Frame under the lower cabinets 75 cm.
• Standard countertop width - 60 cm.
• Standard depth lower modules - 55 cm. Upper - 30 cm.
• Width their lies in the range of 15-90 cm.
• The height of the front of the facades is 70-90 cm.
• Recommended distance between the lower and upper row of cabinets - 60 cm.
• Between the hob and extractor hood - 75 cm. For specification, read the instructions for your model.

6. The choice of colors depending on the area of ​​the room

Final choice facades is to give them a certain color. This issue should be approached with extreme caution. For small rooms are recommended light colors that will not visually make the headset heavier or muffled and soft color shades. IN large indoors you can give free rein to imagination. Do not forget about semantic load which carries a certain color to ours:

• White - always relevant, classic color. Very light, airy, perfectly combined with other shades and makes the room brighter. White facades are the most affordable;
• Orange and red - stimulates appetite, invigorates, energizes;
• Yellow - fills the room with warmth and sunlight;
• Green - symbolizes the beginning of a new life, gives tranquility, fills with vitality and refreshes the interior;
• Blue or blue - helps to reduce appetite, “cools” the room and favorably affects the nervous system;
• Brown - symbolizes reliability and stability, gives a feeling of security and confidence;
• The black - A stylish solution that should be used carefully. Symbolizes self-confidence.

It’s not necessary to use all the colors in their pure form, pay attention to their interesting and unusual shades and combine them with the basic ones - white, graybeige.

7. Which manufacturer to trust?

A lot depends on the manufacturer. The modern market is overwhelmed with proposals for the manufacture of furniture. Do not be tempted by advertising and too affordable cost. Reliable companies Do not need widespread advertising. The furniture is in great demand European manufacturers however, domestic ones are not inferior.

• German kitchens are the standard of quality and the latest technologies.It was in Germany that they were the first to use the latest innovations and embody bold ideas. The production process is fully automated and eliminates the appearance of marriage. Such high quality, of course, affects the cost. Their feature is that they produce only large-sized headsets for large rooms.
• Italian The kitchens are distinguished by their impeccable design, combining elegance and individuality. Often used manual work, which makes the furniture exclusive. They boast a wide range to suit every taste.
• Scandinavian kitchens - combine environmental friendliness, simplicity and functionality. At the same time, they do not lose their attractiveness and are distinguished by stylish performance. Fans of minimalism will appreciate their headsets.
• Domestic Russian Manufacturers can also boast high quality at affordable prices. The factories installed modern equipment, using high-quality materials and new technologies. The lineup is not so diverse and most often copies foreign brands.